An oppressive heatwave is sweeping across half of Australia, bringing soaring temperatures up to 15 degrees Celsius above average. From Darwin to Victoria, the heatwave will impact millions, with temperatures predicted to exceed 40°C across much of the country, making it the warmest summer weather in years.
Melbourne is forecast to hit a sweltering 41°C on Monday, with Canberra reaching 38°C. Inland areas of New South Wales and Queensland could see temperatures climb past 45°C, challenging December records.
December Heatwave Engulfs Interior and East
This December is shaping up to be one of the hottest on record, driven by frequent heatwaves. A heat dome over central and tropical Australia has caused temperatures to soar, intensifying the oppressive conditions.
Under a heat dome, sinking air compresses and warms, blocking cooler air and extending heatwaves for days or weeks. Perth already recorded its hottest December day in three years, reaching 40.4°C on Wednesday.
The heat mass is moving eastward, intensifying across central Australia. It will peak over south-eastern states from Sunday to Tuesday. Northerly winds will carry the scorching air further south.
Heatwave Forecast: Day-by-Day Breakdown
Saturday
Northern South Australia, inland Northern Territory, and western Queensland will see temperatures surpassing 40°C.
Sunday
Western Queensland, western New South Wales, and parts of South Australia and the Northern Territory will bear the brunt of the heat.
Monday
Most of Victoria, eastern South Australia, western New South Wales, and Queensland are set to experience extreme conditions. Temperatures in major cities will climb to their highest levels in years:
- Mildura: 46°C
- Bendigo: 43°C
- Melbourne: 41°C
- Canberra: 38°C
Smaller towns in western New South Wales may even break December records, with Ivanhoe and Wilcannia expected to hit 47°C.
Sydney’s Hottest Day Expected Tuesday
While eastern New South Wales will face heatwave conditions over the weekend, Sydney’s western suburbs could peak at 41°C on Tuesday.
Cool Change Brings Fire Threat
A gusty cool change will reach southern states by Tuesday, bringing temporary relief but also heightened fire dangers. The clash between hot and cold air masses will increase winds, combining with low humidity to create extreme fire risk.
Victoria and South Australia will experience the most dangerous conditions. Winds reaching 40 km/h, coupled with temperatures around 45°C and low humidity, could lead to uncontrollable fires.
Timing of Cool Change
- Adelaide: Monday afternoon
- Melbourne: Monday evening
- Canberra: Tuesday afternoon
- Sydney: Tuesday night
Christmas Outlook: Scorching Weather Ahead
While a precise Christmas Day forecast is not yet available, long-range predictions from the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) suggest continued hot and dry conditions.
Between December 16 and 29, much of central and south-eastern Australia is likely to face additional heatwaves. Rainfall is expected to remain below average across eastern Australia, further compounding the oppressive weather.
Understanding Heatwaves
Heatwaves are Australia’s deadliest natural hazard. Defined as unusually hot conditions over three days, they disrupt infrastructure and strain public services.
The BOM evaluates heatwaves based on local temperature thresholds and recent conditions. Both daytime highs and warm nights contribute to their intensity, as hot nights prevent recovery and increase the following day’s heat.
Heatwaves are classified into three categories:
- Low-intensity: Frequent and manageable for most people.
- Severe: More challenging for vulnerable individuals.
- Extreme: Rare and dangerous, even for healthy people.
The current heatwave ranges from low-intensity to severe across most areas, with extreme conditions in the central Northern Territory.
Safety Advice During Heatwaves
The ACT Emergency Services Agency issued a severe heatwave warning for Canberra, urging residents to stay hydrated, avoid outdoor activities, and seek cool environments.
“Drink plenty of water and avoid leaving anyone in hot cars,” the agency advised. “Wear loose, light clothing and use fans or air-conditioning where available.”
Those at higher risk, including young children, older adults, and people with medical conditions, are urged to take extra precautions. Symptoms of heat-related illnesses, such as heatstroke, should not be ignored.
National Temperature Update
As of Saturday, 14 December, temperatures in major cities are as follows:
- Sydney: 27°C, cloud clearing
- Melbourne: 25°C, partly cloudy
- Brisbane: 29°C, possible storm
- Perth: 27°C, sunny
- Adelaide: 31°C, partly cloudy
- Canberra: 34°C, sunny
Figure 3: Temperature in different cities of Australia on Saturday, December 14th, 2024
Prepare for the Heat
With Australia experiencing its hottest summer weather in five years, authorities are urging communities to stay vigilant. Severe heatwaves not only pose health risks but also heighten the potential for dangerous bushfires.
Stay informed, follow official advice, and take steps to protect yourself and others during this extreme heatwave.